Selenium Components

Selenium IDE

Selenium IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is an key part of the Selenium suite. It is available in both Firefox and Chrome browser.

Some of the features of Selenium IDE −

· The recording, debugging and editing of the functional tests can be done in Selenium IDE.

· Selenium IDE allows a developer to create the test cases and test suites and edit it later as per their requirements. Selenium commands helps to perform tasks like clicking a button or link, taking input in an edit box, obtaining a text from a web element and so on.

· The development environment also provides the capability of converting test cases to different programming languages like java and python, which makes it easier for the user and does not mandate the need for knowing a specific programming language.

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Features of Selenium IDE

There are several features provided in the IDE under the toolbar, using which one can control the execution of test cases:

1. Speed Control - Controls the speed of test cases

2. Run All – Executes the entire Test Suite

3. Run – Runs the selected test

4. Pause/Resume – Allows to pause and resume a test case

5. Step – Helps step into each specific command in the test script

6. Rollup – Group all commands together and make them execute as a single operation

IDE Installation:

Install Java: Download Java SE Development Kit 16.0.2 according to the Windows, Linux, or macOS platform being used.

Run the JDK Installer by double-clicking on the file name in the download location and following the instructions on the instruction wizard. Alternatively, silently install JDK by entering the following command:

jdk.exe /s

Selenium install:

https://www.selenium.dev/selenium-ide/

Selenium RC

It is a testing framework that enables a QA or a developer to write test cases in any programming language in order to automate UI tests for web applications for any HTTP website.

Selenium Web Driver

Selenium WebDriver is the successor to Selenium RC. Selenium WebDriver accepts commands (sent in Selenese, or via a Client API) and sends them to a browser. This is implemented through a browser-specific browser driver, which sends commands to a browser and retrieves results. Most browser drivers actually launch and access a browser application (such as Firefox, Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Safari, or Microsoft Edge)

Some of the features of Selenium RC and webdriver −

· Supports multiple programming languages like the Java, C#, Python, JavaScript, and so on.

· Selenium webdriver supports browsers like Chrome, Firefox, Safari, IE, and so on.

· Selenium webdriver works on more than one platforms like Windows, Mac, Linux, Android, and so on.

· Headless execution can be achieved with the help of the HTMLUnit Driver.

· Selenium webdriver does not require a server to initiate test execution and it communicates directly with the browser.

· Selenium webdriver is open-source and comes without any licensing cost.

Selenium Grid

Selenium Grid is aAr that allows tests to use web browser instances running on remote machines.

With Selenium Grid, one server acts as the hub. Tests uses the hub to obtain access to browser instances.

The hub contains the list of servers to provide access to browser instances (WebDriver nodes) . Selenium Grid allows tests to execute in parallel on multiple machines and manages different browser versions and browser configurations centrally. The ability to run tests on remote browser is useful to spread the load of testing across several machines and to run tests in browsers running on different platforms or operating systems.

Some of the features of Selenium Grid −

· The hub machine which directs the execution on multiple machines. Additionally, more than one node machines where the actual execution takes place.

· Selenium Grid executes testing on multiple browsers and platforms.

· Reduces running time by allowing parallel running of tests.